It includes physical, biological and sometimes chemical processes to remove pollutants. Its aim is to produce an environmentally safe sewage water, called effluent, and a solid waste, called sludge or biosolids, suitable for disposal or reuse. Reuse is often for agricultural purposes,but more
Effluent is generated in many manufacturing industries like textile, pharmaceuticals and chemicals, tanneries etc. Contaminated water cannot be released without treatment as it contains toxic and non-toxic chemicals. Releasing it may cause contamination of the existing pure water and will affect
Water treatment plants are based on coagulation, flocculation and disinfection processes and found to be most cost effective in treating large quantities of water. However, they entail large infrastructure costs which is difficult to raise in rural regions of developing countries and are generally
